A Quick Summary of Classical Forward Genetics
 In classical forward genetics, worms are mutagenized, usually using the technique EMS. The P0 worms self-fertilize producing F1 progeny. The F1 progeny also self-fertilize, creating homozygosing mutations in the F2 progeny. Researchers look for the desired phenotypes in these F2 organisms. Once identified, a gene mapping is done of this phenotype to find out which genes were altered resulting in that physical trait.
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A Quick Summary of Reverse Genetics In reverse genetics, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), targeted for a certain gene, is fed to worms. The worms are raised on a petri plate and fed the bacteria, Escherichia coli, that produce dsRNA. The dsRNA enters the cells of the worm and its presence causes individual cells to destroy the targeted mRNA. Researchers then observe the worms and their progeny to determine the change in the phenotype caused by the deletion of the mRNA.
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Pros and Cons of Forward and Reverse Forward -can be used in all tissue types because it alters the DNA sequence -can isolate gain-of-function and other kinds of mutations. Redundant pathways identified -the genes affected are unknown until after the gene mapping Reverse -does not affect all tissue types, such as sperm and neurons -results in a reduced function. Redundant pathways might not be identified. -the genes affected are already known beforehand |
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