describes the potential energy of a system of particles (atoms).  Used to determine efficacy of protein structure when using Monte Carlo Sampling.

repetitive; repeating in different forms

substance created from genes of two different species

cutting; splitting

of similar nature

designed using a computer

formed by two intersecting planes

cleaves nucleic acid at certain points to form fragments

a product of x-ray crystallography. Gives “clouds” of electron energy. From this, atoms and molecules can be placed in the correct orientation because of where their electrons would be positioned.

two of the same molecules making one larger molecule

using computer programs to alter protein residues and structures. This eliminates the direct need for experimentally modifying protein sequences.

the information can be found in the “useful” DNA

this protein is an enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific sites. To test its efficacy, it was placed in a test tube with cells containing DNA on which it could work.

examining many different residues and orientations of amino acids in a given protein. This allows for determining the best possible structure of the protein.

liver tissue cells in mice

at many levels, certain structures determine very specific functions

reference type; non-mutant form of a gene

when an x-ray is passed through a crystal, the beams are scattered because of the positions of the electrons in the crystal. This helps determine the position of the atoms in the crystal along with the bonds that are present.